I. Introduction
With the development of science and technology, the automation of power grid dispatching has become the trend of power system development. The rapid development of the power system needs to be ensured by a complete, advanced and practical grid dispatch automation system. At present, the three-level dispatching system of national survey and network and provincial survey has been equipped with a power grid dispatching automation system, and the nationwide interconnection is implemented before the first system. At present, the real-time information of 90% of power sources and power grids above 220kV in China has been effectively and accurately collected, and the level of dispatch automation has been significantly improved and improved, especially the reliability and management level of the basic automation equipment of the plant and station have been greatly improved, and the accuracy and effectiveness of its provision The real-time information has become the main basis for dispatchers to conduct power grid security and economic dispatch.
The degree of automation of grid dispatching is closely related to the quality and reliability of power supply and consumption. For this reason, this article makes a brief discussion on the necessity of grid dispatching automation and its implementation scheme. This article discusses the use of GRPS as a means of communication to establish a monitoring system for distribution transformers.
The power grid dispatching automation system is based on the actual needs of the power grid dispatching, taking the requirements of the large-scale geo-location system as the design starting point, taking into account the particularity of the small and medium systems and the central control system, and the whole system is stable, practical and advanced Sexuality and easy maintenance are the main design goals, the configuration is extremely flexible, and the application field is quite wide, which can well meet the needs of different users. All programs are designed with an object-oriented approach, and system maintenance and expansion are very convenient.
In the communication of power grid dispatching automation system, data transmission radio station, GSM short message, optical fiber access and other methods can be used. The advantage of digital radio is that in addition to the annual frequency fee, there is no additional cost for normal operation; the disadvantage is that it is greatly affected by the terrain and climate, resulting in poor system reliability and real-time performance, and cannot be reported actively. The GSM short message method can achieve active reporting; the disadvantage is that it is charged by article, the operating cost is high, and the delay is quite long when the server of the short message center is busy on holidays. Optical fiber communication is stable and reliable, but the construction cost is large, the scalability is poor, and the equipment maintenance is inconvenient. GPRS communication avoids the above problems.
General packet radio service GPRS is a new wireless data transmission service developed on the existing GSM system, the purpose is to provide high-speed wireless IP or X.25 service to mobile users. The theoretical bandwidth of GPRS can reach 171.2Kbit / s, and the actual application bandwidth is about 40 ～ 100Kbit / s. TCP / IP connection is provided on this channel, which can be used for Internet connection, data transmission and other applications. GPRS uses packet switching technology, each user can occupy multiple wireless channels at the same time, the same wireless channel can be shared by multiple users, resources are effectively used. GPRS allows users to send and receive data in an end-to-end packet transfer mode without using network resources in circuit-switched mode. GPRS is always online, and charges are based on flow rate, thus providing an efficient and low-cost wireless packet data service. It is especially suitable for intermittent, sudden and frequent, point-dispersed, small and medium-flow data transmission, as well as occasional large data transmission.
2. System Overview
The development goal of the power grid dispatching system is to establish a safe and reliable, can provide various advanced services, and has an open platform that provides strong functions for the execution and implementation of application programs, and a number of relatively independent application subsystems running on the platform The formed system becomes a distributed, open, modular, and expandable distribution transformer comprehensive management system that meets the modern management requirements of the distribution system. In addition to providing basic hardware technologies and operating system kernels, the basic platform also provides basic services such as database systems, information transfer, human-machine interfaces, and real-time environment applications. The application subsystems based on the basic platform include: energy management (EMS), distribution transformer management, line loss management, automatic meter reading, VQC function, harmonic data, power purchase management, data query, automatic reports, charts and Interface with other systems, etc. Between these subsystems, an organic horizontal and vertical integration is realized on the basis of an open system architecture (OSA) to form a complete distribution transformer integrated management information system.
The network architecture of the GPRS power grid dispatching automation system is shown in the following figure. The system is divided into three parts, namely the monitoring center master station, GPRS data transmission terminal, and monitoring terminal equipment. The main station mainly completes the human-computer interaction work; the network proxy server is mainly responsible for the establishment of the network data link and the transparent transfer of data transmission and reception; the GPRS data transmission terminal completes the sending and sending of information; the monitoring terminal equipment mainly completes the digital and analog quantities. collection.
The central server of this system accesses the enterprise router through the GPRS APN dedicated line, enters the GPRS APN intranet, and obtains a fixed IP address. The monitoring point data does not need to be routed to the Internet network, and the monitoring point DTU also uses the SIM card in the APN. The use of this method to form a point-to-multipoint network has the characteristics of high security, high stability, and good timing.
After the GPRS data transmission terminal is powered on, it will actively access the center's GPRS DTU server according to the IP address preset in its interior, and establish a TCP / IP link with the monitoring center. The main station of the monitoring center maintains the IP address and ID number of each terminal accessed. When the main station wants to make a data request to a certain monitoring terminal, it will find the corresponding terminal according to the IP address and ID number and issue the command Send to the terminal, after the terminal responds, send the data to the network proxy server port through the GRPS data transmission terminal, and forward it to the main station of the monitoring center through port mapping, that is, a response-type communication process is completed.
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