Editor's Note: The T5 series of three-primary high-efficiency straight tube fluorescent lamps is an energy-saving electric light source that has been widely used. Mainly used for indoor and outdoor efficient lighting as well as industrial, commercial, office lighting. According to the principle of similar luminous flux, the T5 fluorescent tube with the right power can directly replace the T8 fluorescent lamp, which can achieve high-efficiency, energy-saving, bright and comfortable lighting effects.
1 Introduction
Fluorescent lamps are a typical hot cathode arc discharge type low pressure mercury lamp with a wide application range. Fluorescent lamps are highly efficient energy-saving light sources in terms of luminous efficiency and impact on the environment in which they are used. In the 1990s, Toshiba Corporation of Japan first introduced the T5 type high-efficiency fluorescent lamp, and Philips of the Netherlands also introduced the T5 straight tube fluorescent lamp. With the continuous development of R&D technology, the luminous flux of T5 straight tube fluorescent lamps has increased by 1.5 times compared with the past, and the color rendering index (Ra with high color rendering can reach 85~95) has been greatly improved, and the price has dropped to an acceptable level. degree. At present, the T5 type straight tube high-efficiency fluorescent lamp (hereinafter referred to as T5 fluorescent lamp, 1T ≈ 3.175 mm) made by red, green and blue three-color phosphor coating process is rapidly replacing with its excellent performance and intuitive lighting effect. T8 type ordinary fluorescent lamps have been widely used.
2 T5 fluorescent lamp performance characteristics
The T5 fluorescent lamp is an efficient lighting electric light source. It can be used directly with the special T 8 fluorescent lamp with a dedicated conversion lamp head, and it can achieve energy-efficient, bright and comfortable lighting targets.
2.1 Improvement of T5 fluorescent tube
2.1.1 The rare earth trichromatic phosphor is used instead of the calcium halophosphate phosphor. The powder on the straight tube is easy and uniform, and the particles of the tribasic toner are larger and the light effect is higher.
2.1.2 The main and auxiliary triple-spiral filaments are used instead of the double-spiral filaments, so that the emissive material can penetrate and completely fill the gap between the main and auxiliary filaments and between the two spirals, reducing the temperature of the cathode hot spot and reducing the emission of the emitter. Evaporation extends life.
2.1.3 The argon gas is replaced by argon or argon helium gas, and the light efficiency is greatly improved.
2.1.4 Use a protective film to block the reaction of mercury with glass to ensure that the lumen maintenance rate is at a high level.
2.1.5 The use of a small pipe diameter (16 mm diameter) structure reduces the amount of material used.
2.2 Performance characteristics of T5 fluorescent lamps
2.2.1 High frequency electronic ballast drive
The T5 fluorescent tube is equipped with a dedicated high-efficiency electronic ballast with a working frequency above 40 kHz. It has small fluctuations in luminous flux output, stable and soft illumination, no stroboscopic, bright and comfortable lighting effect.
2.2.2 Higher color rendering performance
The color rendering index Ra of the T5 fluorescent tube is between 80 and 90. Compared with the conventional fluorescent lamps (such as the Ra value of T8 in the range of 50 to 70), the color rendering performance is greatly improved, close to the sunlight. Color rendering performance. Observing colored objects under this light has the effect of bright colors and vivid display, especially suitable for large supermarkets, shopping centers, product displays and other places where high color rendering is required.
2.2.3 Power supply adaptability and reliability are stronger
The electronic ballasts of T5 fluorescent lamps are designed to fully consider the influence of fluctuations of mains voltage on their normal operation and life, and try to improve their power grid environment with severe voltage drop, large inrush current and serious harmonic interference. Play stable and reliable application performance. The advanced wide voltage adaptive control technology is adopted, so that when the grid voltage fluctuates within the range of 180~240 V, the input power of the lamp is relatively maintained within a reasonable range, which ensures that the lamp can work reliably for a long time.
2.2.4 Lower failure rate, longer life
The technical parameters of the T5 fluorescent lamp and its associated electronic ballast are scientific, the matching of the accessory and the lamp is reasonable, and the service life can reach more than 15 000 h, which is much higher than the service life of the ordinary T8 series lamp.
2.2.5 More adaptability to changes in ambient temperature
Due to the adoption of a number of technical measures, the T5 lamp has greatly improved its adaptability to the environment. It is usually stable and reliable for applications from -25° to +50° and humidity up to 100%.
2.2.6 Replacement construction is simple and quick to replace
The T5 high-efficiency fluorescent lamp is equipped with a conversion lamp head for T5 and T8 fluorescent tubes. It is not necessary to modify the structure of the original T8 lamp instead of the application. The T5 lamp can be directly replaced by the conversion lamp.
3 Energy-saving effects of alternative applications The effect of energy-saving after replacing applications is mainly analyzed from the reduction of manufacturing raw material consumption, the basic conditions of replacement, and the efficiency of power saving.
3.1 Reduced use of mercury and other materials
The T5 fluorescent tube replaces the calcium halophosphate powder for T8 fluorescent lamps with a rare earth trichromatic phosphor. In addition to the advantages of higher luminous efficiency, better stability, better high temperature characteristics, etc., it can also reduce the consumption of harmful substances (mainly mercury) during lamp making, which is relatively environmentally friendly. It saves electricity while ensuring the original illumination. The main reason is the use of a small diameter (Ф16 mm) structure, which greatly reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the tube (T8 tube section is about 490 mm2, T5 tube section is about 200 mm2). For lamps of the same length, the volume of the internal space is greatly reduced, and the amount of mercury to be filled is also greatly reduced. For example, Philips' T5 tube has a mercury content of 3 mg, typically 3 to 8 mg. In addition, the area of ​​the phosphor to be coated on the inner wall of the lamp tube and the glass material for manufacturing the lamp tube are also greatly reduced. Therefore, from the production process of the lamp tube, the amount of raw materials such as mercury and phosphor powder after the T5 fluorescent lamp is replaced by the T8 fluorescent lamp is greatly increased. Reduced
Good savings.
3.2 Main parameters and alternative conditions
The main parameters of the T5 series fluorescent lamps are shown in Table 1.
The main parameters of the T8 series fluorescent lamps are shown in Table 2.
In practical applications, according to the principle that the luminous flux output of the front and rear lamps is similar, the corresponding T5 and T8 conversion lamp caps can be directly replaced. The specific replacement conditions can be referred to Table 3.
3.3 Analysis of replacement effect after replacement The analysis of replacement effect is mainly due to the direct economic benefits brought about by the saved electricity bill after the transformation and the time period for the recovery of the funds invested by the saved electricity.
3.3.1 Direct economic benefits generated after substitution Take the commonly used 36 WT8 straight tube fluorescent lamps as an example. Suppose a unit uses lamps for 12 hours per day, lamps for 30 days per month, and average electricity price is 0.8 yuan/kW·h. The monthly electricity bill for the lamp is (the loss of the ballast)
10%): 36 W × (1 + 10%) × 12 h × 30 × 0.8 yuan / 1 000 W · h = 11.40 yuan
In accordance with the principle that the luminous flux of the front and rear lamps is similar, the 28WT5 straight tube fluorescent lamp is used instead of the above-mentioned 36 WT8 straight tube fluorescent lamp. The monthly electricity usage fee under the same lamp condition is: 28 W × (1 + 10%) × 12 h × 30 × 0.8 yuan / 1 000 W · h = 8.87 yuan a single lamp monthly savings of electricity: 11.40 yuan - 8.87 yuan = 2.53 yuan, the use of a single 28WT5 fluorescent lamp instead of 36WT8 fluorescent lamps can save electricity costs of 2.53 yuan per month, Then the annual electricity savings after replacement and transformation is: 2.53 yuan / month × December = 30.36 yuan; the monthly electricity cost of a single lamp is reduced to: [(11.4 yuan - 8.87 yuan) / 11.4 yuan] × 100% = 22.19%. On the one hand, not only the corresponding illumination is unchanged, but also the color rendering index is increased from about 50 to over 80, and the stroboscopic effect is eliminated. On the other hand, the lifetime of the T5 fluorescent lamp is twice that of T8. The maintenance cycle has been doubled, greatly reducing the cost of maintenance and the amount of maintenance.
3.3.2 Recovery cycle of alternative costs
According to the calculation results exemplified in 3.3.1, the double-tube 28WT5 fluorescent lamp can replace the double-tube 36WT8 fluorescent lamp with a monthly electricity saving fee of 2.53 yuan × 2 = 5.06 yuan, assuming that the reference price of each set of double-tube 28WT5 lamps is 140. Yuan, the investment recovery period is: 140 yuan / 5.06 yuan / month ≈ 27.7 month ≈ 2.3 years
4 Conclusion
The use of T5 fluorescent lamps instead of T8 fluorescent lamps has achieved significant lighting and energy saving advantages, and the recovery cycle for replacement retrofits is relatively short. After replacing the original T8 low-efficiency light source with the T5 high-efficiency light source, the illumination level, color rendering, and lighting comfort of the original lighting place are correspondingly improved, effectively improving the lighting quality of the place of use. It not only provides users with a comfortable and stable lighting environment, but also improves the work efficiency of the site and protects the user's physical and mental health.
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