Brief Analysis of the Advantages and Applications of LED in Poultry Breeding
Release date: 2018-02-02 Source: CNLED Network Share: 
The energy-efficient narrow-band emission of LED light sources makes lighting skills of great value in the life sciences. In this article, Ken Marrin describes how solid-state lighting can be used in poultry farming to reduce electricity bills and improve production.
Experts estimate that by 2030, global demand for food will double. In order to satisfy this demand, food producers are using new skills to add value at a lower cost, and together reduce the pressure on the environment. Most of these production skills focus on strengthening traditional inputs such as water, air, nutrients and space. However, light is a largely undeveloped production input.
Through the use of LED lighting, using the spectral needs of poultry, pigs, cows, fish or crustaceans, farmers can reduce stress and poultry mortality, regulate circadian rhythms, and significantly increase the value of eggs, meat and other protein sources, together Significantly reduced power usage and other input costs.
The use of solid-state lighting (SSL) niche applications includes agricultural-specific lighting, which can have huge revenue potential. Leading major manufacturers such as Philips and Osram have developed spectrally-adjustable LED lights for the agricultural and horticultural industries, as well as small businesses such as Once Innovations and NextGen Illumination, which produce LED lights for poultry stores.
Many livestock farmers still use 60W, 80W and 100W incandescent lamps in their barns. These lights are very suitable for the human environment, but incandescent lamps are not the same as sunlight. The best light for humans is not necessarily suitable for other animals. The spectrum of daylight is significantly different from the spectrum of incandescent lamps. Daylight is a combination of all colors.
The amount of each color in the daylight at noon. At this time of the day, blue and green are brighter than red. Figure 1b shows the amount of color in daylight at the end of the day. At this point, red is brighter than green and blue.
Comparison of incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, high pressure sodium lamps, LEDs
Modern barn lighting systems attempt to mimic the spectrum of the sun in an attempt to supply a continuum of spectrum, including all colors, with no gaps in the center. The incandescent lamp (Fig. 2a) effectively mimics the daylight at sunset, producing a continuous spectrum of red, green, and blue. However, this spectrum does not mimic the midday sun. Some manufacturers attempt to modify the spectrum by coating the bulb, but this approach does not allow for successive spectra. In addition, incandescent bulbs are also very low in power, often burned out, and require lamps that reach the moisture-proof rating. Of course, incandescent lamps will soon be banned from production.
Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) have outstanding power and white light, but their light output is planned for human vision. White light is achieved through the combination of a narrow band of red, green and blue. Thus, there is a large distance between the spectrum of red, blue, and green peaks, and many red, blue, and green wavelengths that are present in sunlight are lost (Fig. 2b). Blu-ray is particularly weak, and most of the deeper reds are lost. In general, compact fluorescent lamps are very poorly modeled in terms of natural light, and are difficult to clean (curled shape), contain a small amount of toxic mercury, require a moisture-proof outer casing, and do not tint well.
High-pressure sodium lamps (HPS) deliver superior power and high light output, with the strongest chroma in red and yellow, and then give the bulb a common orange or amber color. However, like energy-saving lamps, many chromatograms are missing, especially green and blue. In addition, high-pressure sodium lamps are also difficult to darken, preheating is slow, require ballast operation, have high upfront costs, and may contain sodium and/or mercury.
LEDs are the most efficient and environmentally friendly products in agricultural lighting programs, and white light is produced by combining blue LEDs with red and green phosphors. The spectrum is close to continuous (Figure 3), blue is particularly strong, but there are enough green and red. Although not entirely daylight, from the human point of view, the LED spectrum provides approximate light and there is no spectral gap like other skills.
In addition, they have the longest operating life (up to 10 years, all-weather operation), are rugged, not susceptible to sensation, and allow color shifting and color manipulation. LEDs have a high upfront cost, but these costs can be recovered through energy savings, and then the overall cost is minimized.
LED use in poultry farming
The biggest advantage of LEDs is the ability to supply customizable, tunable spectrum. The spectral sensitivity of animals is different from that of humans, as is the spectral requirement. By optimizing the spectrum, radiation and modulation in the barn, farmers can invent an outstanding lighting environment for the animals, make the animals feel good, and then promote their growth, together with the maximum limit of power and feed costs.
Poultry is four-colored. Like humans, poultry has a peak sensitivity to green at 550 nm. However, they are also highly sensitive to red, blue and ultraviolet (UV). However, the most striking difference between humans and poultry may be the ability of poultry to visually sense ultraviolet light (peak at 385 nm).
Each color has a significant impact on the physiology of poultry. For example, it is possible to enhance the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells through green light, and to increase the growth rate at an early stage. Blu-ray is progressively grown at a later age by progressive plasma androgen. Narrowband Blu-ray cuts the sport and also drops the murder rate. Green and blue light together promote the growth of muscle fibers. Overall, Blu-ray has been shown to increase feed conversion by 4%, then reduce the cost per pound by 3% and add 5% to the overall live weight.
Red light can increase the growth rate of chickens at the beginning of the breeding period, increase the amount of exercise of the chickens, and then cut the leg disease to the maximum extent. Red light also reduces feed consumption per egg production, and the eggs produced do not differ in size, weight, eggshell thickness, egg yolk and albumin content. Overall, the red light has been shown to extend peak production, with an increase in egg production per hen by 38 eggs and a 20% reduction in consumption.
Specifications and subsidies
Although LED has many advantages, it is expensive in the early stage. Part of the reason is that due to the lack of functional specifications in the agricultural lighting profession, it is difficult for consumers who purchase agricultural lighting LEDs to obtain energy-saving subsidies like incandescent lamps and compact fluorescent lamps.
It is gratifying that the specifications are being developed and will set key functional specifications such as durability, functionality, reliability and safety. At present, many companies have indicated that they are interested in participating in the specification.
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