At the 78th plenary meeting of the International Telecommunication Standards Organization 3GPP RAN, the 5G NR first release was officially frozen and released. As the first 5G standard comes to the fore, it is expected that there will be a wave of discussion on the 5G investment boom. This includes the 5G investment plan of the telecom operators, and the related application services driven by the 5G network construction, and even the upstream and downstream industry chains of the new generation 5G mobile phone terminals, which may be officially established due to the first version of the 5G standard. The market has more associations and expectations for 5G future business opportunities.
Leading the 5G era
5G, the fifth-generation mobile phone mobile communication standard, also known as the fifth-generation mobile communication technology. Wang Feng, who has many years of work experience in the information and communication industry, said in an interview with the reporter of China Sankei Shimbun, "5G is an epoch-making product that will directly lead to the formation of new industries and social forms, and the industry that is born is actually ' "All things are connected", and then promote a new era."
For China, 5G is no longer a concept of the future, but has been placed at the national strategic level. In this year's government work report, Premier Li Keqiang specifically mentioned the importance of "the fifth generation of mobile communication technology (5G)" for the country's future development; "The 13th Five-Year National Informationization Plan" mentioned 16 times. "5G". This also shows that the high-level is determined to be at the forefront of the global 5G network technology.
At the same time, the three major operators are active. It is reported that the three major operators are currently planning to implement 5G network commercialization by 2020. Taking China Telecom as an example, China Telecom announced on December 5 that its 5G base station in Lanzhou was opened recently. So far, China Telecom has launched 5G pilots in six cities and regions including Xiong'an, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Suzhou, Chengdu and Lanzhou. The company said that the 5G pilot work has entered a new phase.
It is worth mentioning that at the recent World Internet Conference, there is news that a full set of 5G network equipment solutions for commercial use will be launched in 2018. Domestic manufacturers such as Huawei, Gionee, 360, and vivo are simultaneously developing R&D phones that support 5G.
In addition, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China issued a notice in late November to officially launch the third phase of the 5G technology R&D test, and strive to achieve the basic objectives of the third phase test by the end of next year.
Xiang Ligang, a communications industry expert and CEO of Feixiang.com, said in an interview with the reporter of China Sankei Shimbun. "The third phase of testing means that the 5G network has the conditions for running tests in the real world, and it is the trend of 5G networks. The last step of commercialization."
“5G has risen to the national strategic level. Operators, communication equipment, Internet companies, etc. are constantly exploring and improving on 5G applications. In terms of top-level layout, hardware facilities, investment capacity and market scale, it is undoubtedly the best in the world. Wang Feng said, "In the 2G and 3G era, China followed, and 4G China and the world are basically in sync. The current situation of 5G China is leading the way. In the future, there will be no big problem in the 5G era.
Xiang Ligang agreed with this. “China leads the 5G. It is inevitable. According to the plan, there will be commercial trials in 2019 and commercial scale in 2020. By 2020, China will have the world's leading 5G application market.â€
However, Liu Qicheng, an observer in the communications industry, said in an interview with the reporter of China Sankei Shimbun. "China is very advanced in the research and development of 5G. Whether China can enter the 5G era for the first time is not good. â€
He further pointed out that major countries in the world, especially Japan and South Korea, are also accelerating 5G testing and commercial time. It is reported that South Korea will launch 5G "pre-commercial test" in 2018 to support the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics; Japanese mobile communication operators will accelerate the verification of key technologies and frequency band screening. The PyeongChang Olympics in 2018 is just around the corner, and 5G technology is likely to be used in large-scale events first.
"China is not necessarily the first country to enter the 5G era, but China is definitely the most mature country with the largest market size in the 5G era." Liu Qicheng added.
Standards will be perfected
It is worth mentioning that the 3GPP 5G NSA version was officially frozen at the recent 3GPP sub-conference ended in Reno, and the freezing standard is the NSA (non-independent networking) core standard.
"The official freezing of this version means that 5G is basically stable in the general application of technology. The version content also provides a basic description for 5G technology applications. Based on this version, the parties can make continuous progress in the future. And perfect." Xiang Ligang said.
Liu Qicheng said, "The standard is the first standard for 5G technology, which indicates that 5G has a relative coordination at the technical level. The 5G standard is generally unified, but different technical standards will appear due to different application scenarios. The first standard is established, and the technical standards for subsequent application scenarios will be accelerated."
In fact, major countries and regions such as the United States, Europe, China, Japan, and South Korea are also competing for 5G standards and leading the industry.
In China, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Information and Communication Industry Development Plan (2016-2020)" clearly, "to carry out research on 5G standards, and actively participate in the formulation of international standards, becoming one of the leading players."
In accordance with China's 5G planning steps, 2016 is ready to launch 5G standard research. It is expected that the first version of the standard will be completed in 2018, and then the start time of commercial applications will be determined around 2020 according to the maturity of the product.
The industry believes that China has been in a leading position in the standard layout, and the gap with the earliest commercial time in the world has been shortened from four years in the 3G era and four years in the 4G era to one year.
It is worth mentioning that China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom, ZTE, Huawei and Datang Telecom have participated in the formulation of 5G standards. According to media reports, the total number of 5G proposals submitted by Chinese telecommunications companies to 3GPP is about 40% of all proposals. At the same time, among the 5G working groups, Chinese experts have a large proportion and play an important role.
Xiang Ligang said, "China's communications industry is expected to surpass and gain greater voice in the 5G era after undergoing 2G follow-up, 3G catch-up, and 4G catch-up."
In addition, analysts predict that ITU will have more work to do in developing more reports and recommendations for future communications technologies, and the end of 5G standardization is likely to be at the end of 2019.
Mastering the core technology, who will master the future, on November 17, 2016, the international wireless standardization body 3GPP RAN1 (wireless physical layer) 87 meetings in Las Vegas, USA, on the 5G short code program have a discussion. The three protagonists are still the PolarCode (Polarization Code) scheme promoted by China. Qualcomm mainly promotes the LDPC program, France mainly promotes the Turbo2.0 solution, and finally, the Chinese program wins.
The China program was selected for the 5G (Fifth Generation Mobile Phone Mobile Communications Standard) standard.
On November 17, US time, the 87th meeting of RAN1 (Wireless Physical Layer) of 3GPP of International Wireless Standardization Organization was held in Las Vegas, USA, to discuss the 5G short code scheme. The three protagonists are still the PolarCode (Polarization Code) scheme promoted by China China. Qualcomm mainly promotes the LDPC program, and France mainly promotes the Turbo2.0 solution.
In the end, Huawei's Polar solution, from the United States to promote LDPC, France's main push Turbo2.0 two major competitors to win, become the 5G control channel eMBB scene coding scheme, and LDPC becomes the data channel's uplink and downlink short code scheme. The 5G short code coding scheme is divided into data channel coding and control channel coding.
At the meeting held in Lisbon, Portugal on October 14 this year, the US LDPC program was identified as a 5G medium long code encoding scheme.
It is reported that around the competition for the future 5G standard, the two coding conferences have become the most fierce confrontation in the history of wireless communication, which can be described as a "war" without smoke.
The representatives of all parties revolve around their own plans. You come and go, and they don’t give each other. The meetings for several days are discussed in the early morning of the next day, and the latest one will actually open until 1:30 in the morning.
According to industry sources, the Lisbon conference, despite Huawei's many supporters, ultimately won the US LDPC program supported by more important manufacturers. LDPC is led by Qualcomm, behind giants such as Intel, Samsung, Nokia and Verizon. Behind the Huawei Polar solution are more Chinese manufacturers, ZTE, Spreadtrum, Xiaomi, OPPO, vivo, Alibaba, China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom and so on.
It is reported that after the loss of the Lisbon conference, the Polar side carried out reflections and summaries, adjusted the plan, and sent more than 50 representatives to participate in the US conference. The dispute over the 5G standard has so far become a contest between China and the United States. The French program has not been distributed to the cake because of its few supporters. The Turbo 2.0 code that monopolizes the 3G and 4G era codes will enter history.
As of now, Huawei still maintains a low profile and has not expressed any opinions on the 5G short code results.
Coding and modulation, known as the crown of communication technology, embodies the overall strength of a country's basic theory of communication science.
According to a professional communication website, the Polar Code was first proposed by Professor Erdal Arikan of the University of Birken in Turkey in 2008. The paper theoretically proved for the first time that the binary input is symmetrically discrete and has no memory. Under the channel, the polarization code can "reach" the Shannon capacity, and has a channel coding technique with practical linear complexity coding and decoding capabilities.
According to the above report, the core of the polarization code structure is the processing of "channel polarization". On the encoding side, the coding method is used to make each subchannel exhibit different reliability. When the code length continues to increase, some channels will tend to For a perfect channel (no error) with a capacity close to 1, another portion of the channel tends to a purely noisy channel with a capacity close to zero, and direct transmission of information on a channel with a capacity close to 1 to approximate the channel capacity. On the decoding side, the polarized channel can be decoded by a simple successive interference cancellation decoding method to obtain performance close to the maximum natural decoding with a lower implementation complexity.
In the communications industry, the battle for standards is the battle for the highest voice. Once the standards are established, they will have a huge impact on the global communications industry.
Independent telecom analyst Fu Liang said in an interview with a reporter that the victory is the emergence of two years of research and development investment by Huawei and ZTE. In the future, more 5G technologies will have the shadow of Huawei and ZTE.
"The two companies have cloned and imitated from the 2G era, and have a certain right to speak in the 3G era. The 4G era is actively participating, and the 5G era is the leader." Fu Liang said that the 5G standard has the shadow of Chinese manufacturers, and the United States will repel China Telecom in the future. The device is ridiculous.
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